4th Generation Intel® Core™ i7 Processors
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Compare All |
Product Name | Status | Launch Date | # of Cores | TDP | Recommended Customer Price | Processor Graphics ‡ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4900MQ Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.80 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 47 W |
TRAY: $568.00 BOX : $570.00 |
Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4910MQ Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.90 GHz) |
Launched | Q1'14 | 4 | 47 W |
BOX : $570.00 TRAY: $568.00 |
Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4950HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.60 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'13 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $623.00 | Intel® Iris™ Pro Graphics 5200 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4960HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.80 GHz) |
Launched | Q4'13 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $623.00 | Intel® Iris™ Pro Graphics 5200 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4980HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 4.00 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'14 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $623.00 | Intel® Iris™ Pro Graphics 5200 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4800MQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.70 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 47 W |
TRAY: $378.00 BOX : $380.00 |
Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4810MQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.80 GHz) |
Launched | Q1'14 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $378.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4850HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.50 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'13 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $434.00 | Intel® Iris™ Pro Graphics 5200 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4860HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.60 GHz) |
Launched | Q1'14 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $434.00 | Intel® Iris™ Pro Graphics 5200 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4870HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.70 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'14 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $434.00 | Intel® Iris™ Pro Graphics 5200 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4700EC Processor (8M Cache, up to 2.70 GHz) |
Launched | Q1'14 | 4 | 43 W | TRAY: $459.00 | |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4700EQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.40 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $378.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4700HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.40 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $378.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4700MQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.40 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $378.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4702EC Processor (8M Cache, up to 2.00 GHz) |
Launched | Q1'14 | 4 | 27 W | TRAY: $459.00 | |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4702HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.20 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 37 W | TRAY: $378.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4702MQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.20 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 37 W | TRAY: $378.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4710HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.50 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'14 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $378.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4710MQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.50 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'14 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $378.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4712HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.30 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'14 | 4 | 37 W | TRAY: $378.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4712MQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.30 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'14 | 4 | 37 W | TRAY: $378.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4720HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.60 GHz) |
Launched | Q1 '15 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $378.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4722HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.40 GHz) |
Launched | Q1 '15 | 4 | 37 W | TRAY: $378.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4750HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.20 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'13 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $434.00 | Intel® Iris™ Pro Graphics 5200 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4760HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.30 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'14 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $434.00 | Intel® Iris™ Pro Graphics 5200 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4770HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.40 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'14 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $434.00 | Intel® Iris™ Pro Graphics 5200 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4765T Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.00 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 35 W | TRAY: $303.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4770 Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.90 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 84 W |
BOX : $312.00 TRAY: $303.00 |
Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4770K Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.90 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 84 W |
BOX : $350.00 TRAY: $339.00 |
Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4770R Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.90 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 65 W | TRAY: $358.00 | Intel® Iris™ Pro Graphics 5200 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4770S Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.90 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 65 W |
BOX : $305.00 TRAY: $303.00 |
Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4770T Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.70 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 45 W | TRAY: $303.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4770TE Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.30 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 45 W | TRAY: $303.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4771 Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.90 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'13 | 4 | 84 W |
BOX : $320.00 TRAY: $314.00 |
Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4785T Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.20 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'14 | 4 | 35 W | TRAY: $303.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4790 Processor (8M Cache, up to 4.00 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'14 | 4 | 84 W |
BOX : $312.00 TRAY: $303.00 |
Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4790K Processor (8M Cache, up to 4.40 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'14 | 4 | 88 W |
BOX : $350.00 TRAY: $339.00 |
Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4790S Processor (8M Cache, up to 4.00 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'14 | 4 | 65 W |
BOX : $312.00 TRAY: $303.00 |
Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4790T Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.90 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'14 | 4 | 45 W | TRAY: $303.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4600M Processor (4M Cache, up to 3.60 GHz) |
Launched | Q4'13 | 2 | 37 W | TRAY: $346.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4600U Processor (4M Cache, up to 3.30 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'13 | 2 | 15 W | TRAY: $393.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4400 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4610M Processor (4M Cache, up to 3.70 GHz) |
Launched | Q1'14 | 2 | 37 W | N/A | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4610Y Processor (4M Cache, up to 2.90 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'13 | 2 | 11.5 W | TRAY: $393.00 | Intel® HD graphics 4200 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4650U Processor (4M Cache, up to 3.30 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'13 | 2 | 15 W | TRAY: $426.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 5000 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4500U Processor (4M Cache, up to 3.00 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'13 | 2 | 15 W | TRAY: $393.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4400 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4510U Processor (4M Cache, up to 3.10 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'14 | 2 | 15 W | TRAY: $393.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4400 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4550U Processor (4M Cache, up to 3.00 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'13 | 2 | 15 W | TRAY: $426.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 5000 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4558U Processor (4M Cache, up to 3.30 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'13 | 2 | 28 W | TRAY: $426.00 | Intel® Iris™ Graphics 5100 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4578U Processor (4M Cache, up to 3.50 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'14 | 2 | 28 W | TRAY: $426.00 | Intel® Iris™ Graphics 5100 |
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Compare All |
Product Name | Status | Launch Date | # of Cores | TDP | Recommended Customer Price | Processor Graphics ‡ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4900MQ Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.80 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 47 W |
TRAY: $568.00 BOX : $570.00 |
Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4910MQ Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.90 GHz) |
Launched | Q1'14 | 4 | 47 W |
BOX : $570.00 TRAY: $568.00 |
Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4950HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.60 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'13 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $623.00 | Intel® Iris™ Pro Graphics 5200 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4960HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.80 GHz) |
Launched | Q4'13 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $623.00 | Intel® Iris™ Pro Graphics 5200 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4980HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 4.00 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'14 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $623.00 | Intel® Iris™ Pro Graphics 5200 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4800MQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.70 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 47 W |
TRAY: $378.00 BOX : $380.00 |
Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4810MQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.80 GHz) |
Launched | Q1'14 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $378.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4850HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.50 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'13 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $434.00 | Intel® Iris™ Pro Graphics 5200 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4860HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.60 GHz) |
Launched | Q1'14 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $434.00 | Intel® Iris™ Pro Graphics 5200 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4870HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.70 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'14 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $434.00 | Intel® Iris™ Pro Graphics 5200 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4700HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.40 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $378.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4700MQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.40 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $378.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4702HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.20 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 37 W | TRAY: $378.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4702MQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.20 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 37 W | TRAY: $378.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4710HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.50 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'14 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $378.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4710MQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.50 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'14 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $378.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4712HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.30 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'14 | 4 | 37 W | TRAY: $378.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4712MQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.30 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'14 | 4 | 37 W | TRAY: $378.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4720HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.60 GHz) |
Launched | Q1 '15 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $378.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4722HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.40 GHz) |
Launched | Q1 '15 | 4 | 37 W | TRAY: $378.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4750HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.20 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'13 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $434.00 | Intel® Iris™ Pro Graphics 5200 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4760HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.30 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'14 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $434.00 | Intel® Iris™ Pro Graphics 5200 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4770HQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.40 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'14 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $434.00 | Intel® Iris™ Pro Graphics 5200 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4600M Processor (4M Cache, up to 3.60 GHz) |
Launched | Q4'13 | 2 | 37 W | TRAY: $346.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4600U Processor (4M Cache, up to 3.30 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'13 | 2 | 15 W | TRAY: $393.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4400 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4610M Processor (4M Cache, up to 3.70 GHz) |
Launched | Q1'14 | 2 | 37 W | N/A | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4610Y Processor (4M Cache, up to 2.90 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'13 | 2 | 11.5 W | TRAY: $393.00 | Intel® HD graphics 4200 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4650U Processor (4M Cache, up to 3.30 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'13 | 2 | 15 W | TRAY: $426.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 5000 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4500U Processor (4M Cache, up to 3.00 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'13 | 2 | 15 W | TRAY: $393.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4400 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4510U Processor (4M Cache, up to 3.10 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'14 | 2 | 15 W | TRAY: $393.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4400 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4550U Processor (4M Cache, up to 3.00 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'13 | 2 | 15 W | TRAY: $426.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 5000 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4558U Processor (4M Cache, up to 3.30 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'13 | 2 | 28 W | TRAY: $426.00 | Intel® Iris™ Graphics 5100 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4578U Processor (4M Cache, up to 3.50 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'14 | 2 | 28 W | TRAY: $426.00 | Intel® Iris™ Graphics 5100 |
|
Compare All |
Product Name | Status | Launch Date | # of Cores | TDP | Recommended Customer Price | Processor Graphics ‡ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4765T Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.00 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 35 W | TRAY: $303.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4770 Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.90 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 84 W |
BOX : $312.00 TRAY: $303.00 |
Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4770K Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.90 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 84 W |
BOX : $350.00 TRAY: $339.00 |
Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4770R Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.90 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 65 W | TRAY: $358.00 | Intel® Iris™ Pro Graphics 5200 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4770S Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.90 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 65 W |
BOX : $305.00 TRAY: $303.00 |
Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4770T Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.70 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 45 W | TRAY: $303.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4771 Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.90 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'13 | 4 | 84 W |
BOX : $320.00 TRAY: $314.00 |
Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4785T Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.20 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'14 | 4 | 35 W | TRAY: $303.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4790 Processor (8M Cache, up to 4.00 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'14 | 4 | 84 W |
BOX : $312.00 TRAY: $303.00 |
Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4790K Processor (8M Cache, up to 4.40 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'14 | 4 | 88 W |
BOX : $350.00 TRAY: $339.00 |
Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4790S Processor (8M Cache, up to 4.00 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'14 | 4 | 65 W |
BOX : $312.00 TRAY: $303.00 |
Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4790T Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.90 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'14 | 4 | 45 W | TRAY: $303.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
|
Compare All |
Product Name | Status | Launch Date | # of Cores | TDP | Recommended Customer Price | Processor Graphics ‡ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4700EC Processor (8M Cache, up to 2.70 GHz) |
Launched | Q1'14 | 4 | 43 W | TRAY: $459.00 | |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4700EQ Processor (6M Cache, up to 3.40 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 47 W | TRAY: $378.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4702EC Processor (8M Cache, up to 2.00 GHz) |
Launched | Q1'14 | 4 | 27 W | TRAY: $459.00 | |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4770S Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.90 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 65 W |
BOX : $305.00 TRAY: $303.00 |
Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4770TE Processor (8M Cache, up to 3.30 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'13 | 4 | 45 W | TRAY: $303.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4790S Processor (8M Cache, up to 4.00 GHz) |
Launched | Q2'14 | 4 | 65 W |
BOX : $312.00 TRAY: $303.00 |
Intel® HD Graphics 4600 |
| Compare | Intel® Core™ i7-4650U Processor (4M Cache, up to 3.30 GHz) |
Launched | Q3'13 | 2 | 15 W | TRAY: $426.00 | Intel® HD Graphics 5000 |
All information provided is subject to change at any time, without notice. Intel may make changes to manufacturing life cycle, specifications, and product descriptions at any time, without notice. The information herein is provided "as-is" and Intel does not make any representations or warranties whatsoever regarding accuracy of the information, nor on the product features, availability, functionality, or compatibility of the products listed. Please contact system vendor for more information on specific products or systems.
“Announced” SKUs are not yet available. Please refer to the Launch Date for market availability.
‡ This feature may not be available on all computing systems. Please check with the system vendor to determine if your system delivers this feature, or reference the system specifications (motherboard, processor, chipset, power supply, HDD, graphics controller, memory, BIOS, drivers, virtual machine monitor-VMM, platform software, and/or operating system) for feature compatibility. Functionality, performance, and other benefits of this feature may vary depending on system configuration.
The Recommended Customer Price (“RCP”) is pricing guidance for Intel products. Prices are for direct Intel customers, typically represent 1,000-unit purchase quantities, and are subject to change without notice. Taxes and shipping, etc. not included. Prices may vary for other package types and shipment quantities, and special promotional arrangements may apply. Listing of these RCP does not constitute a formal pricing offer from Intel. Please work with your appropriate Intel representative to obtain a formal price quotation.
System and Maximum TDP is based on worst case scenarios. Actual TDP may be lower if not all I/Os for chipsets are used.